Streaming Algorithm
Domain: Algorithms
🎯 Motivation
Process a massive stream of data with limited memory, approximating results. You cannot store all the data, so you summarise on the fly.
📋 Concrete Example
Count distinct IP addresses in a web log with limited memory: use HyperLogLog to approximate the count using a few KB, even for billions of IPs.
🔗 Analogy
Counting different types of birds at a birdwatching spot. You cannot record every single bird (too many), so you use a tallying technique that approximates the diversity with a small notebook.