Monte Carlo Method
Domain: Algorithms
🎯 Motivation
Use random sampling to approximate solutions for problems that are hard to compute exactly. More samples give better accuracy.
📋 Concrete Example
Estimate pi: throw darts at a square with an inscribed circle. The ratio of darts in the circle to total darts approaches pi/4. More darts = better estimate.
🔗 Analogy
Estimating how many students are in a building by randomly sampling rooms and extrapolating. More samples give a more accurate estimate without counting every student.